ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN PROBLEMS OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS
Keywords:
antibiotic therapy, nosocomial infections, intensive care unitsAbstract
Nosocomial infections belong to the main reasons decreasing possibilities of effective treatment of many diseases all over the world. They generate huge costs for the healthcare system, and appear in all hospitals — the better hospital, the higher number and seriousness of infections. Regarding different resistance mechanisms of bacteria, synthesis of new antibiotics in pharmaceutical concerns is not sufficient. Invasiveness of an intensive care refers mostly to the necessity of artificial respiratory route, enabling respiratory therapy, bladder catheterization, and central venous cannulation. These procedures, facing decreased capacity of an immune system, diabetes, and obesity of many patients, contribute to infections’ development. There are no hospitals avoiding nosocomial infections successfully. They rather aims at infections’ percentage less than 5–7% of patients. This is the most obvious problem at intensive care units (ICU). This phenomena is well shown in the EPIC (European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care) survey. 1417 intensive care units have been evaluated during one day, with more than 10 thousands of patients; 45% of patients were infected, including 47% with pneumonia.
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