UPPER AIRWAY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT WITH LARYNGEAL MASK AT THE PRE-HOSPITAL PERIOD
Keywords:
words: laryngeal mask, pre-hospital periodAbstract
Emergency management of the upper airway and effective respiratory support is one of the priority measures in intensive care service. Rapid sequence intubation is recognized as the “gold standard” of airway management in critically ill patient. However, this method has the complexity, high complication rate at the pre-hospital period. So, now using alternative (noninvasive) methods of emergency airway management at the pre-hospital period are actively used. The purpose of study is to determine the effectiveness of laryngeal mask airway at the pre-hospital period. Materials and methods. Prospective clinical study included 60 critical ill patients with acute respiratory failure. The average age of patients was (52.6±32.0) years; 48% of the patients were men; 100% of patients had the level of consciousness 8 or less score according to Glasgow Coma Scale. Results. An opening airway by using laryngeal mask airway and respiratory therapy was effective at the pre-hospital period (SpO2 increase of (85.0±0.3) to (93.1± ±0.2)%), PetCO2 decreased from (61.5±0.4) to (39.7±0.3) mm Hg. Application of laryngeal mask airway was possible in 100% of cases: with the first attempt — in 77% of cases and with the second attempt — in 23% of cases. The laryngeal mask application took 10–40 sec. Complications was fixed in 7% cases. Conclusions. Laryngeal mask was effective in airway emergency management in critically ill patients at the prehospital period. Application of laryngeal mask airway was possible in 100% of cases. Complications was fixed in 7% cases.
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